我只想为这位议员提供一个非常清晰的视角：在2024年第三季度，英伟达在新加坡的季度收入比例为22%。这反映了英伟达客户收到账单的地点，并不意味着账单是在这里运出的。因此，这与英伟达及其客户交付货物的实际地点无关。
请允许我与各位议员广泛分享一下。全球实体的通常做法是在其中心集中开具采购货物和服务的账单，但这与产品的运输地点是分开的。迄今为止，根据我们的核查和手头掌握的数据显示，在该季度，英伟达整体收入中只有不到 1%是实际运往新加坡的。在英伟达 向新加坡商业实体收取的其余收入中，并不包括运往新加坡的实际货物。
议长：有请李坚辉议员，最后一个问题。
李坚辉（官委议员）： 我感谢部长非常全面的答复。部长提到，根据美国人工智能芯片出口管制，新加坡已被列为第二级国家。我向部长提出的补充问题是：被列为第二级国家对经济有什么影响，这种分类是否会影响新加坡吸引人工智能芯片投资、高端半导体研发的能力，甚至阻碍我们成为人工智能发展中心的雄心？
陈诗龙医生（人力部长兼贸工部第二部长）：感谢李先生的补充提问。正如我尊敬的同事维文部长所分享的，我们是150个国家中基础较广的国家。我认为我们是很好的伙伴。
我在刚才的回答中也提到，美国的人工智能扩散规则尚未由现任政府最终确定；维文部长也提到了这一事实，即拜登政府在其执政的最后几天发布了这一规则。实际上，它是在 2025 年 1 月 13 日发布的，也就是一个多月前。征求意见期为 120 天，将于 2025 年 5 月 13 日结束。新政府尚未就其对该规则的政策或立场发表评论。因此，我们是处于第二级地位的 150 个国家之一。
虽然美国将 18 个国家归为第一级，但并没有分享分级分类的具体要求，也没有说明一个国家从第二级重新归为第一级需要满足哪些要求。
获得人工智能计算能力对于我们实现国家人工智能目标非常重要。正如我们的国家人工智能战略 2.0 所阐明的，我们正在采取多管齐下的战略，使产业界、学术界和政府能够开展高价值的人工智能活动。除了确保获得先进的人工智能硬件和计算能力，我们还将重点关注人才和基础设施的发展。我们将继续支持在新加坡运营的公司获得先进的芯片，包括符合人工智能扩散规则的芯片。
目前，我们的行业参与者对先进芯片的需求大多来自总部位于美国的云超级计算机。它们是 Meta、亚马逊、谷歌等。我们将与他们合作，申请成为通用验证最终用户，允许他们向新加坡转移一定数量的先进芯片，以满足他们的创新和业务需求。
对于有大量人工智能计算需求的本地公司，他们可以申请成为国家验证最终用户。最终用户分为两级：通用验证最终用户和国家验证最终用户。他们可以申请成为国家验证最终用户，以获得先进的人工智能芯片，我们将支持本地公司的申请。
通用和国家验证最终用户进口的芯片将不计入第二级国家的国家上限。
我们正在与新加坡的行业参与者进行磋商，以收集有关规则草案对其业务活动的潜在影响的反馈意见。此外，正如我较早前所说，我们也正与美国方面接触，以处理他们所关注的问题，并更好地了解他们对人工智能扩散规则的处理方法。
问题 3-6 的说明：
1 项质询其后撤回：问副总理兼贸工部长：(a) 有何措施确保以新加坡为基地的实体遵守美国的出口管制，防止未经授权再出口受管制的技术；(b) 新加坡如何与国际伙伴，特别是美国合作，加强遵守和执行美国的出口管制，同时促进商业信心，保持其作为值得信赖的全球贸易枢纽的地位。
以下是英文质询内容：
Mr Yip Hon Weng asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry (a) how does the Ministry ensure that the ease of doing business in Singapore is not exploited by companies seeking to bypass US trade restrictions; and (b) whether the Ministry can provide an update on its assessment of the effects of the US chips export control rules on our semi-conductor industry and the broader economy.
Ms Joan Pereira asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether there are measures in place to ensure that entities operating in Singapore are compliant with export controls and international laws in order to protect Singapore’s status as a well-respected international business hub.
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry (a) whether the Ministry is aware that Singapore will be placed under the new US AI export controls' Tier Two status; (b) whether it is a specific foreign policy objective of this Government to secure (i) the National Validated End-User status and (ii) Tier One reclassification under these controls; and (c) what specific technical and regulatory enhancements, if any, have been communicated by US counterparts as prerequisites for such status changes.
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry in light of how US agencies have flagged Singapore as a hub for illicit chip transshipments to blacklisted Chinese AI firms (a) whether the Government is able to (i) disclose the foreign policy rationales behind its regulatory stance with regard to re-exports of such chips since 2023 and (ii) detail any or all inter-agency decisions that led to this situation; and (b) how does the Government intend to rectify any damage to Singapore’s credibility and ties with the US arising from such reports.
The Second Minister for Trade and Industry (Dr Tan See Leng): Mr Speaker, may I have your permission to answer oral Question Nos 3 to 6 on today's Order Paper, filed by Members Mr Yip Hon Weng, Ms Joan Pereira and Assoc Prof Jamus Lim, together, please?
Mr Speaker: Please go ahead.
Dr Tan See Leng: These pertain to questions over the United States (US) export controls and Singapore's approach to such measures. My response today will also cover a similar Parliamentary Question that has been filed by Mr Mark Lee1, that has been scheduled for a subsequent Sitting.
Singapore is a stable, trusted, reliable and well-connected international business hub. Our economic competitiveness is based on our commitment to the rule of law, zero tolerance for corruption, transparent regulations and an open inclusive business environment. We have painstakingly built up this reputation over time. That is why we take firm and decisive action against individuals and companies that violate our laws. It is the foundation of our competitiveness.
Questions have been raised about Nvidia chips that were subject to US export controls. We are scrutinising this issue carefully and will continue to do so. So far, our checks indicate that physical delivery of products sold by Nvidia to Singapore represent less than 1% of Nvidia's overall revenue. These are mainly deployed in Singapore for major enterprises and the Singapore Government. We understand that the remainder of Nvidia's revenue billed to business entities in Singapore did not involve physical shipments into Singapore.
If a company in Singapore is engaged in deceptive or dishonest practices to evade export controls that it is subject to, we will investigate and we will take the appropriate action in accordance with Singapore laws. It is in our national interest to secure access to leading edge technology and to maintain the integrity of our business environment.
Within Singapore, the transfer and brokering of strategic goods and technology is governed by the Strategic Goods (Control) Act. This is a robust framework that is aligned with major multilateral export control regimes, including those imposed by the United Nations Security Council.
Outside of these multilateral regimes, countries sometimes impose unilateral export controls on specific items. The US' export controls on advanced semi-conductor chips are one example.
Under these rules, the US expects companies to ensure their business transactions adhere to their requirements, including doing the required Know Your Customer (KYC) on the buyers of the advanced semi-conductor chips. While we currently do not have legal obligations to enforce the unilateral export controls of other countries, we expect all companies operating in Singapore to take into account such regulations if they apply to their international business activities. Their international business activities should be conducted transparently.
