2025年1月8日，新加坡交通部長兼財政部第二部長徐芳達代總理答覆官委議員徐錦莉關於被會計與企業監管局註銷實體的數量及確保其履行索賠和支付義務的措施。
以下內容為新加坡眼根據國會英文資料翻譯整理：
徐錦莉（官委議員）詢問總理兼財政部長：
(a) 自2020年以來，每年有多少實體從會計與企業監管局（ACRA）的註冊中註銷，各行業註銷的百分比是多少？
(b) 被註銷實體中有多少百分比未能履行所有解散義務，包括未遵守小額索賠法庭或僱傭索賠法庭的命令？
(c) 這些實體的董事如何承擔並被追究責任？
(d) 有哪些措施確保註冊實體履行並維護對員工和承包商的支付義務？
徐芳達（交通部長兼財政部第二部長）先生的答覆：註冊實體與其員工或承包商之間的支付義務受合同法約束。如果此類實體違反其支付義務，員工和承包商有追索途徑。員工可以向三方爭議調解聯盟（Tripartite Alliance for Dispute Management）提交與薪資相關的索賠或不當解僱索賠進行調解。
如果調解後爭議仍未解決，根據《2016年僱傭索賠法》，符合條件的員工可以向僱傭索賠法庭對其僱主提出最高20,000新元的索賠，或在工會協助下提出最高30,000新元的索賠。承包商可以向小額索賠法庭提出最高20,000新元的特定索賠，如果雙方達成同意備忘錄，索賠金額可提高至30,000新元。
此外，員工和承包商也可以因合同違約向法院提起民事訴訟。如果註冊實體未能遵守法庭或法院的命令，員工和承包商可以向法院申請強制執行該命令，作為判決債權人。
從2020年到2024年，約有247,000家企業實體停止營業。會計與企業監管局未記錄已註銷實體是否履行了所有解散義務的數據。
對於未履行義務（包括法院命令）的被註銷企業實體，員工和承包商可以根據企業實體的類型尋求追索。
對於與其所有者沒有獨立法律人格的企業實體，如獨資企業、合夥企業和有限合夥企業，即使企業實體已被註銷，員工和承包商仍可以繼續追究企業所有者的責任。
對於與其董事和成員具有獨立法律人格的企業實體，如公司、可變資本公司和有限責任合夥企業，員工或承包商可以在實體清算或破產時作為債權人提出索賠。特別是，在破產清算中，員工的薪資索賠將優先於大多數無擔保債務。
以下是英文質詢內容：
Ms See Jinli Jean asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance (a) since 2020, how many entities from and what percentage of each sector have been deregistered from ACRA's registry annually; (b) what percentage of deregistered entities fail to fulfil all dissolution obligations including compliance orders by the Small Claims Tribunal or the Employment Claims Tribunal; (c) how are the directors of such entities made responsible and held accountable; and (d) what are the measures to ensure that registered entities provide for and uphold payment obligations to employees and contractors.
Mr Chee Hong Tat: Payment obligations between registered entities and their employees or contractors are governed by the law of contract. Employees and contractors have avenues for recourse, should such entities breach their payment obligations. Employees may submit a salary-related or wrongful dismissal claim for mediation at the Tripartite Alliance for Dispute Management.
If the dispute remains unresolved after mediation, the Employment Claims Act 2016 allows eligible employees to file a claim of up to $20,000, or $30,000 for union-assisted claims, against his or her employer in the Employment Claims Tribunals. Contractors may file a specified claim of up to $20,000 in the Small Claims Tribunals, or up to $30,000 if there is a Memorandum of Consent from both parties.
Alternatively, both employees and contractors can file a civil suit in the Courts for breach of contract. If registered entities fail to comply with an order by the Tribunals or Courts, employees and contractors may apply to Court to enforce the order as a judgment creditor.
From 2020 to 2024, there were approximately 247,000 cessations of business entities. Data on whether wound up entities have fulfilled all dissolution obligations is not captured by the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority.
Employees and contractors of deregistered business entities that have not complied with their obligations, including Court orders, can seek recourse depending on the type of business entity.
For business entities that have no separate legal personalities from their owners, such as sole proprietorships, partnerships and limited partnerships, employees and contractors may continue to pursue and enforce their claims against the business owners even if the business entities have been deregistered.
For business entities that have separate legal personalities from their directors and members, such as companies, variable capital companies and limited liability partnerships, employees or contractors can lodge a claim as creditors when the entity is being wound-up or liquidated. Specifically, employees' claims on salaries will be given priority over most unsecured debts in an insolvent winding up.
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