在全球半導體與 AI 技術競爭白熱化的當下，東南亞正成為出口管制的敏感地帶。關於半導體出口管制問題，新加坡罕見發出明確警告。以下是新加坡眼對該通告的翻譯：
新加坡海關和貿易與工業部聯合發布的一份聯合通告稱，新加坡已向企業發出強烈警告，禁止利用新加坡規避其他國家對先進半導體和人工智慧技術的出口管制。
這份4月4日發布的公告發布之後，人們越來越擔心受限制的半導體技術通過東南亞第三國轉移到中國，最近的調查突顯出新加坡和馬來西亞在潛在的出口管制違規行為中所扮演的角色。
該通告指出：「新加坡政府不容忍企業故意利用與新加坡的關聯來規避或違反其他國家的出口管制，這適用於我們所有的貿易夥伴。」
儘管新加坡的出口管制制度主要與多邊出口管制制度和聯合國安理會制裁保持一致，但該諮詢意見特別指出，近年來「一些國家對先進半導體、半導體製造設備和與人工智慧相關的技術實施了單邊出口管制」。
新加坡對近期有關出口管制違規的報道高度敏感，這在前所未有的警示信號中可見一斑。2 月下旬，新加坡指控三名男子犯有欺詐罪，這些案件據稱與受限的英偉達人工智慧晶片的轉移有關。新加坡律政部長兼內政部長尚達曼稱，裝有英偉達受限晶片的伺服器據稱被運往馬來西亞，可能涉嫌逃避制裁。此前，新加坡因涉嫌捲入美國對初創企業深鑒科技是否規避美國對英偉達先進晶片限制的調查而受到牽連。
這源於《華爾街日報》3 月份的一篇報道，稱中國買家通過附近地區的第三方成功訂購了英偉達最新的 Blackwell Al 晶片，交易商表示他們利用「在中國境外註冊的實體從馬來西亞、越南和中國台灣等地的公司購買英偉達伺服器」。
上個月，馬來西亞貿易部長滕古·扎弗魯·阿齊茲（Tengku Zafrul Aziz）對美國消費者新聞與商業頻道（CNBC）表示，馬來西亞將對任何涉事的國內企業採取「必要行動」，並質疑這些晶片為何會先運往新加坡，因為「這些晶片本就不該在馬來西亞」。
新加坡的這份指導意見提醒企業，「從事非法行為可能會導致法律、運營和聲譽方面的後果」，並且當局將對從事「欺詐或不誠實行為以規避其應遵守的出口管制」的公司或個人採取行動。
為降低風險，該通知鼓勵企業實施健全的內部合規計劃，包括「了解你的客戶」做法、終端用戶篩查和訂單篩查程序，以識別潛在的危險信號，例如異常的運輸路線。
新加坡是全球半導體製造和貿易的重要樞紐，一直秉持中立立場，同時履行國際義務。該建議強調，新加坡將「繼續維護我們作為全球科技和貿易中心的聲譽，保障我們商業環境的完整性，並支持合法經營的公司持續獲取前沿技術。」
英文原稿如下：
Singapore has issued a strong warning to companies against using the city-state to circumvent other countries』 export controls on advanced semiconductor and artificial intelligence technologies, according to a joint advisory published by Singapore Customs and the Ministry of Trade and Industry.
The 4 April notice comes amid growing concerns about the diversion of restricted semiconductor technologies to China through third countries in Southeast Asia, with recent investigations highlighting Singapore’s and Malaysia’s roles in potential export control violations.
『The Singapore Government does not condone businesses deliberately using their association with Singapore to circumvent or violate the export controls of other countries,』 the advisory stated. 『This applies to all our trading partners.』
While Singapore’s export control regime primarily aligns with multilateral export control regimes and UN Security Council sanctions, the advisory specifically acknowledges that 『several countries have imposed unilateral export controls on advanced semiconductors, semiconductor manufacturing equipment and Al-related technologies』 in recent years.
The unprecedented level of warning signals Singapore’s sensitivity to recent reports of export control violations. In late February, Singapore charged three men with fraud in cases reportedly linked to the movement of restricted Nvidia Al chips. According to Singapore’s Law and Home Affairs Minister K Shanmugam, servers containing Nvidia’s restricted chips were allegedly sent to Malaysia in a possible sanctions evasion scheme. The charges came after Singapore was implicated in a US investigation into whether Chinese start-up DeepSeek had circumvented American restrictions on advanced Nvidia chips.
This follows a Wall Street Journal report in March that Chinese buyers were successfully ordering Nvidia’s newest Blackwell Al chips through third parties in nearby regions, with traders saying they used 『entities registered outside of China to purchase Nvidia servers from companies in aces such as Malaysia, Vietnam and Taiwan.』
Last month, Malaysian Trade Minister Tengku Zafrul Aziz told CNBC that his country would take 『necessary action』 against any domestic companies involved, questioning why the chips would be leaving Singapore in the first place, since 『the chips are not meant to be in Malaysia』.
Singapore’s advisory warns businesses that 『engaging in illicit practices can lead to legal, operational and reputational consequences,』 and that authorities will take action against companies or individuals engaged in 『fraudulent or dishonest practices to evade export controls that they are subject to.』
To mitigate risks, the notice encourages businesses to implement robust internal compliance programmes including Know Your Customer practices, end-user screenings and order screening procedures to identify potential red flags such as abnormal shipping routes.
Singapore, a major global hub for semiconductor manufacturing and trading, has positioned itself as maintaining a neutral stance while adhering to international obligations. The advisory emphasises that Singapore will 『continue to uphold our reputation as a global hub for technology and trade, safeguard the integrity of our business environment, and support continued access to leading edge technology for legitimate companies operating here.』
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